The tennis advertisements done by Nike are the typical sport campaign of
showing viewers that motivation and devotion can be achieved by buying
into their brand and campaign. Roger Federer, Maria Sharapova, Rafael
Nadal, and Serena Williams have all participated in Nike ad campaigns,
not only promoting themselves, but the sport of tennis as well. All
four of these players have different advertisements that show them in a
variety of tennis poses. The way the women and men are displayed show
just how people perceive the two genders in different categories even
when it comes to sports advertising. Tennis is the one sport where
women and men have the most similarity because most of the requirements
and skills are the same, opposed to the difference between baseball and
softball. There is not a skill that men can do that women cannot nor is
the field a different size, but instead everything is set the same.
However, advertising creates another differentiation between the two
because of what we see in their separate advertisements. "Differences in
male and female roles portrayed were also evident in the number of males
and females and the type of product advertised" (Courtney and Lockeretz
93). The way men and women are shown throughout advertisements will
never be comparable because of the different things that people look for
in each and their ability to identify with their particular gender role.
There are no direct icons presented, but we can assume that his headband
and tennis shoes are icons as well as mortises because it "is an image
of the product framed in some way" (Rose 90). These icons are
signifying Nike because of the signature swoosh able to be seen by the
viewer. Roger Federer has a level of intimidation present in this
advertisement because of his facial expression and the shiny glare of
sweat present on his body. He is there to take care of business and
win, allowing him to play on his male identity in a male dominated
sports world.
It comes with no surprise that Nike has sponsored Nadal because of his
success and they want their brand to have that accomplishment as well.
Both he and Federer are wearing Nike clothing in their advertisements,
another representation of how powerful the company is. They have the
ability to endorse not only the #1 player in the world, but the #3
player, Federer, as well. Their ads also show that the two players want
the best brand behind them and supporting them in their adventures,
allowing us to understand why they have chosen to sponsor and be seen
wearing Nike. The two advertisements from Nadal and Federer are in
black and white adding to the fierce and athletic personalities being
portrayed in the images. Black and white does this by letting the
viewer focus solely on the image without becoming distracted with color
or flowery components. The black and white gives off a boldness that
brings out the masculinity of the men. We will see that this is
different when comparing women's ads by Nike because they make them
flashier in attempt to capture that sex appeal, something we do not see
in the men's tennis advertisements.
This particular Nike ad brings up a question of how would the
advertisement have been different if it was a women's match instead of a
men's? "The topic of gender gap is becoming increasingly popular in
politics, sports, advertising, education and employment" (Prakash and
Flores 231). There is a gap on how women and men are displayed in
advertisements. In sports advertisements this is especially true
because the marketers know what sells and would rather create something
that appeals to audiences and sells. The advertisers are sticking to
the norm of sex selling that our society has created. This gender gap
brings about the portrayal of women in tennis advertisements by Nike and
how they differ from the three we have seen of Roger Federer, Rafael
Nadal, and John Isner.
Roger Federer is a representative of Nike because they endorse him and
during his matches he is decked out in their gear, a way for people all
over to get a glimpse of the brand. In this particular ad, he is seen
in a dark arena with a storm cloud brewing, which is signifying that
when he arrives at the stadium, he should be the most frightening person
there; similar to what happens when a storm rolls into town. His body
posture and point of view allow the viewer to come to the conclusion
that either we are the ball or there is a ball out of our sight. We are
able to know this because of his forehand posture and the intensity in
his face that he might have during a match.
In comparison to Federer, we have the Nike ad featuring Rafael Nadal,
another tennis powerhouse and one of Federer's toughest competitors.
Nadal is featuring that dominant look by his facial expression and the
fist pump, allowing us to assume he does this a lot because he is so
successful on the court. This is an example of Williamson's term,
objective correlate, "transfers are often made so persuasively that
certain objects become the objective correlates of certain qualities:
certain objects become taken for granted as having certain qualities"
(Rose 90). Through his look we can determine that a tough facial
expression equals domination. The expression and fist pump are
signifiers of winning along with Nadal because he has a determined look
about him. Similar to Federer's ad, we know he means business and
people should not mess with him especially on the tennis court because
he could do some real damage to his opponents. The text, "Vamos Rafa.
All 4 Won." is anchorage to his domination look. Vamos means 'go' in
Spanish which is not uncommon for Nadal since he is from Spain and
represents his country on the tennis court. By including this text,
Nike is showing that they can appeal to not only Americans who enjoy
tennis, but Spaniards as well who watch to support their fellow
countryman. The "All 4 Won" is an example that everybody is behind him
and will support him throughout all of his matches, no matter the
outcome.
As tennis fans and sports fans in general know, the 2010 Wimbledon men's
single match between John Isner and Nicolas Mahut set a record for being
the longest match. It lasted eleven hours, five minutes and spanned
over three days. It was talked about for days and from setting the
record, Isner landed himself a Nike advertisement. The ad that he did
featured the achievement he accomplished which is an objective correlate
to strength and determination. For someone to be able to go that long
in one single match and come out victorious is the ultimate sign of
athleticism. Even though he lost in the next round, he was rewarded for
his efforts by being selected to do this ad and hold the longest match
record. Nike played off the match in the ad with the anchorage, "Most
Aces. Most Games. Longest Match" and wrapped it all up in the left hand
corner with their signature slogan, Just Do It. By adding that to the
ad, they are saying it is as easy as you make it, no matter how long or
strenuous the competition is, just do it. However, there is an absence
in the advertisement because it takes two to play a tennis match and
Nicolas Mahut was left out. The reason behind this could be that only
the winner got the ad deal or that Isner was ranked, while Mahut was
only a qualifier. A direct response to his absence we will never know,
but can only speculate that Nike only wants to display their winners.
Back to athlete advertisements |
Courtney, Alice E. and Lockeretz, Sarah W. "A Woman's Place: An Analysis of the Roles Portrayed by Women in Magazine Advertisements."Journal of Marketing Research.(1971) 8: 92-95.
Prakash, Ved and R. Caeli Flores. "A Study of Psychological Gender Differences: Applications for Advertising Format."Advances in Consumer Research. (1985) 12: 231-237.
Rose,Gillian. Visual Methdologies: An Introduction to the Interpretation of Visual Materials. Sage Publications: Los Angeles, 2007.
Images:
http://famous-wallpapers.com/roger-federer-nike-wallpaper/
http://tennis-buzz.com/tag/nike/page/2
http://tennis-buzz.com/john-isners-nike-ads/